Anunnaki7 minWho Were the Anunnaki? Mesopotamian Gods Beyond the Internet Myth
An evidence-led guide to the Anunnaki in Mesopotamian texts, their changing roles, the Igigi distinction and modern alien claims.
Research cluster · 8 articles
Mesopotamia and Ancient Texts
Sumerian, Akkadian and Babylonian texts explained without turning myth into modern pseudohistory.
Anunnaki7 min
Enuma Elish6 minEnuma Elish Explained: Creation, Marduk and Babylonian Power
Enuma Elish is a Babylonian creation epic and a political theology of Marduk’s rise, not a scientific account of planetary collision.
Anunnaki6 minAre the Anunnaki in the Bible? Anunnaki and Nephilim Compared
The Anunnaki and the biblical Nephilim come from different languages and textual traditions. Similar-sounding modern stories do not make them the same beings.
Anunnaki7 minDid the Anunnaki Create Humans? What Mesopotamian Tablets Actually Say
Mesopotamian creation myths do describe gods making humanity, but the stories concern labor, mortality and ritual order rather than genetic engineering.
Anunnaki7 minAnunnaki vs Igigi: What Is the Difference in Mesopotamian Texts?
The Anunnaki and Igigi are both divine collectives, but ancient sources do not support the rigid two-species hierarchy often repeated online.
Igigi7 minWho Were the Igigi? The Younger Gods in Mesopotamian Myth
The Igigi appear in Akkadian literature as a group of gods, but their identity changes between texts and is often confused with the Anunnaki.
Sumer6 minThe Sumerian King List: Did Kings Really Reign for 28,800 Years?
The Sumerian King List combines dynastic memory, political ideology and mythic time. Its enormous reign lengths are not verified human lifespans.
Nibiru7 minNibiru and the Twelfth Planet Claim: Where Did the Story Come From?
Nibiru is an ancient astronomical and divine term whose meaning changes by context. The modern hidden-planet story is not a standard translation of Mesopotamian texts.